![]() About one-third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers, canals and lakes. Due to its location in the European Plain, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Among the city's main topographical features are the many lakes in the western and southeastern boroughs formed by the Spree, Havel and Dahme, the largest of which is Lake Müggelsee. There was an unsuccessful attempt to unify both states in 1996, and despite remaining separate, the two states cooperate on many matters to this day.īerlin straddles the banks of the Spree, which flows into the Havel (a tributary of the Elbe) in the western borough of Spandau. The Berlin-Brandenburg capital region has around 6.2 million inhabitants and is Germany's third-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr and Rhine-Main regions. Berlin's urban area, which has a population of around 4.5 million, is the second most populous urban area in Germany after the Ruhr. One of Germany's sixteen constituent states, Berlin is surrounded by the State of Brandenburg and contiguous with Potsdam, Brandenburg's capital. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. Berlin ( / b ɜːr ˈ l ɪ n/ bur- LIN, German: ( listen)) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population.
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